Inhaltsangabe1 General Characteristics of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Molecular and Group-Type Methods of Analysis and Classification.- Biological Markers and Transformed Hydrocarbons.- Homology of Biological Markers.- Chemical Classification of Crude Oils.- Group-Type Distribution of Naphthenic Hydrocarbons in Crudes (Naphthenic Fingerprint).- 2 C5-C40 Alkanes.- Gas Chromatography in the Analysis of Alkanes.- Quantitative Distribution of Alkanes in Petroleums Possible Ways of Alkane Formation.- Normal Alkanes.- Branched Alkanes. Relative Concentration of Isomers (C6-C10 Hydrocarbons).- Mono- and Dimethyl-Substituted C11-C15 Alkanes.- C16-C23 Methylalkanes (Iso- and Anteisoalkanes).- C24-C30 12- and 13-Methylalkanes.- Isoprenoid Alkanes (Isoprenanes).- Geochemical Significance of Isoprenoid Alkanes.- Retention Indices of Alkanes.- 3 Cycloalkanes (Naphthenes).- C7-C10 Monocyclic Naphthenes.- C12-C25 Monocyclic Naphthenes.- Trimethyl-Substituted Cyclohexanes with Isoprenoid Chains (Cyclohexanes of the Carotenoid Type).- Bicyclic Naphthenes.- C8-C10 Hydrocarbons.- C14-C16 Hydrocarbons. Sesquiterpane Hydrocarbons.- Tricyclic Naphthenes.- Hydrocarbons of the Adamantane Series.- Protoadamantane Tricyclanes.- Hydrocarbons with Perhydrophenanthrene Structure (C19-C26 Pentamethylalkylperhydrophen- anthrenes).- Tetracyclic Naphthenes.- Bridged Hydrocarbons. C12-C14 Adamantanoid Hydrocarbons.- Diterpenoids (Kauranes, Gibberellins).- Hydrocarbons with a Perhydrochrysene Structure.- Steranes.- Regular Steranes.- Rearranged Steranes.- Triterpenoid Hydrocarbons. Hopanes.- Structurally Modified Hopanes.- Geochemical Significance of Hopanes.- GC Analysis of Steranes and Hopanes.- Steranes, Hopanes and the Optical Activity of Crudes.- 4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Arenes).- Group-Type Distribution of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude Oils (Aromatic Fingerprint).- Individual Aromatic Petroleum Hydrocarbons.- Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Diaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Triaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Aromatic Steroid Hydrocarbons.- Aromatic Triterpenoids and Hopanes.- Other Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons.- Evaluation of the Quantitative Content of Various Hydrocarbons in Crudes.- 5 Sources and Reactions of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Formation.- Sources of Petroleum Hydrocarbons.- Transformations of Organic Molecules in Sediments (Dia- and Catagenesis).- Compositional Transformations of Coal Hydrocarbons at Various Stages of Catagenesis.- Laboratory Simulation of Petroleum Formation Reactions (Aluminosilicates as Catalysts).- Transformations of Fatty Acids.- Formation of Normal Alkanes.- Formation of Branched Alkanes.- Thermodynamically and Kinetically Controlled Mechanism of Hydrocarbon Formation.- Formation of Isoprenoid Alkanes.- Formation of Saturated and Monoaromatic Steroids.- 6 Transformations of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Nature (Chemical and Biochemical Alteration of Crude Oils).- Alteration of Crude Oil under Thermal Stress (Thermolysis).- Compositional Analysis of Light Petroleum Fractions.- Compositional Changes in Medium Petroleum Fractions.- Alterations in the Chemical Composition of Crudes under Microbiological Influence (Petroleum Biodegradation).- Results of Experiments on Microbial Alteration of Crude Oils.- Compositional Alteration of Crudes in Nature (Comparison of Experimental Data).- Asphaltenes and the Geochemical History of Crudes.- Biological Markers and the Genetic Classification of Crudes.- Conclusion: Venues of Further Research on Petroleum Hydrocarbon Composition and Structure.- References.

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