Beschreibung
This book's aim is to obtain and organize knowledge about the diversity of living things. Their epistomological and methodological fundamentals are explained in the framework of the biology of evolution. The methods of construction and use of phylogenetic trees are presented as well as the classification and description of taxa with the nomenclature rules.
Autorenportrait
Introduction xi
Philippe GRANDCOLAS and Marie-Christine MAUREL
Chapter 1 Symmetry of Shapes in Biology: from D'Arcy Thompson to Morphometrics 1
Sylvain GERBER and Yoland SAVRIAMA
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 D'Arcy Thompson, symmetry and morphometrics 2
1.3 Isometries and symmetry groups 4
1.4 Biological asymmetries 5
1.5 Principles of geometric morphometrics 6
1.6 The treatment of symmetry in morphometrics 8
1.7 Some examples of applications 12
1.8 Conclusion 13
1.9 References 14
Chapter 2 Impact of a Point Mutation in a Protein Structure 17
Mathilde CARPENTIER and Jacques CHOMILIER
2.1 Composition 17
2.2 Folding 18
2.3 Substitution(s) in protein structures 20
2.4 Effect on overall structure and function 20
2.5 Effect on stability 22
2.6 Effect on the peptide backbone 23
2.7 Conclusion 28
2.8 References 28
Chapter 3 The Role of Taxonomy and Natural History in the Study of the Evolution of Eneopterinae Crickets 33
Tony ROBILLARD
3.1 Introduction 33
3.2 Taxonomy in modern comparative approaches 35
3.3 A model group 37
3.4 Contribution of taxonomy for phylogenetic reconstructions and classification 40
3.5 Contribution of taxonomy to biogeography 44
3.6 Taxonomic exploration and evolution of species traits 48
3.7 Conclusion 52
3.8 Acknowledgments 54
3.9 References 54
Chapter 4 Systematics in the (Post)genomic Era: A Look at the Drosophila Model 61
Amir YASSIN
4.1 Drosophila: a star of genetics but a systematic nebula 61
4.2 Subspecies: identification of "genomic islands of divergence"? 63
4.3 Species complexes: congruence between species trees and gene trees 67
4.4 Supraspecific ranks: phylogeny, genome and morphome 70
4.5 Conclusion 73
4.6 Acknowledgments 74
4.7 References 74
Chapter 5 Dealing with Multiple Environments: The Challenges of the Trypanosome Lifecycle 79
Estefanía CALVO ALVAREZ and Philippe BASTIN
5.1 Human African trypanosomiasis, the disease 79
5.2 Cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei 80
5.3 Survival and maturation of T brucei in the tsetse vector 84
5.4 Adaptations of T brucei to the mammalian host 92
5.5 Conclusion 99
5.6 References 99
Chapter 6 Challenges Inherent in the Systematics and Taxonomy of Genera that have Recently Experienced Explosive Radiation: The Case of Orchids of the Genus Ophrys 113
Joris BERTRAND, Michel BAGUETTE, Nina JOFFARD and Bertrand SCHATZ
6.1 Introduction 114
6.2 Speciation in Ophrys: an evolutionary divergence seen as a reticulated continuum 115
6.3 Current state of knowledge on Ophrys systematics 121
6.4 Integrative genomics and taxonomy: perspectives and issues 125
6.5 Conclusion 129
6.6 Acknowledgments 130
6.7 References 130
Chapter 7 Exploration and Origins of Biodiversity in Madagascar: The Message of Ferns 135
Germinal ROUHAN and Myriam GAUDEUL
7.1 Introduction 135
7.2 Madagascar: a complex biogeographical context 136
7.3 Ferns and lycophytes: an ideal model for the biogeography of Madagascar 140
7.4 Origins of the lineages of ferns in Madagascar 140
7.5 The example of Rumohra: dispersions to Madagascar and around the world 142
7.6 Conclusion 144
7.7 References 144
Chapter 8 Mediterranean and Atlantic Algae, a Fraternal Relationship? 147
Line LE GALL, Delphine GEY and Florence ROUSSEAU
8.1 Introduction 148
8.2 Materials and methods 152
8.3 Results 159
8.4 Discussion 163
8.5 Acknowledgments 164
8.6 References 165
Chapter 9 Ontogeny and Evolution of the Hyperorgan of Delphinieae 171
Florian JABBOUR, Julie ZALKO, Antoine MOREL, Samuel FRACHON and Isabelle BOUCHART-DUFAY
9.1 Introduction 171
9.2 Synorganization: a concept, definitions 172
9.3 Ontogeny and evolution of the hyperorgan of Delphinieae 174
9.4 The study of synorganization in evolutionary biology 178
9.5 Conclusion 181
9.6 Acknowledgments 181
9.7 References 182
Chapter 10 Identification of Interspecific Chromosomal Homologies: Chromosomal Microdissection and Chromosomal Painting in Antarctic Teleosts Nototheniidae 185
Juliette AUVINET, Agnès DETTAÏ, Olivier CORITON, Catherine OZOUF-COSTAZ and Dominique HIGUET
10.1 Introduction 185
10.2 Materials and methods 191
10.3 Results 195
10.4 Discussion 199
10.5 Conclusion 204
10.6 References 205
List of Authors 215
Index 221
Inhalt
Introduction xi
Philippe GRANDCOLAS and Marie-Christine MAUREL
Chapter 1 Symmetry of Shapes in Biology: from D'Arcy Thompson to Morphometrics 1
Sylvain GERBER and Yoland SAVRIAMA
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 D'Arcy Thompson, symmetry and morphometrics 2
1.3 Isometries and symmetry groups 4
1.4 Biological asymmetries 5
1.5 Principles of geometric morphometrics 6
1.6 The treatment of symmetry in morphometrics 8
1.7 Some examples of applications 12
1.8 Conclusion 13
1.9 References 14
Chapter 2 Impact of a Point Mutation in a Protein Structure 17
Mathilde CARPENTIER and Jacques CHOMILIER
2.1 Composition 17
2.2 Folding 18
2.3 Substitution(s) in protein structures 20
2.4 Effect on overall structure and function 20
2.5 Effect on stability 22
2.6 Effect on the peptide backbone 23
2.7 Conclusion 28
2.8 References 28
Chapter 3 The Role of Taxonomy and Natural History in the Study of the Evolution of Eneopterinae Crickets 33
Tony ROBILLARD
3.1 Introduction 33
3.2 Taxonomy in modern comparative approaches 35
3.3 A model group 37
3.4 Contribution of taxonomy for phylogenetic reconstructions and classification 40
3.5 Contribution of taxonomy to biogeography 44
3.6 Taxonomic exploration and evolution of species traits 48
3.7 Conclusion 52
3.8 Acknowledgments 54
3.9 References 54
Chapter 4 Systematics in the (Post)genomic Era: A Look at the Drosophila Model 61
Amir YASSIN
4.1 Drosophila: a star of genetics but a systematic nebula 61
4.2 Subspecies: identification of "genomic islands of divergence"? 63
4.3 Species complexes: congruence between species trees and gene trees 67
4.4 Supraspecific ranks: phylogeny, genome and morphome 70
4.5 Conclusion 73
4.6 Acknowledgments 74
4.7 References 74
Chapter 5 Dealing with Multiple Environments: The Challenges of the Trypanosome Lifecycle 79
Estefanía CALVO ALVAREZ and Philippe BASTIN
5.1 Human African trypanosomiasis, the disease 79
5.2 Cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei 80
5.3 Survival and maturation of T brucei in the tsetse vector 84
5.4 Adaptations of T brucei to the mammalian host 92
5.5 Conclusion 99
5.6 References 99
Chapter 6 Challenges Inherent in the Systematics and Taxonomy of Genera that have Recently Experienced Explosive Radiation: The Case of Orchids of the Genus Ophrys 113
Joris BERTRAND, Michel BAGUETTE, Nina JOFFARD and Bertrand SCHATZ
6.1 Introduction 114
6.2 Speciation in Ophrys: an evolutionary divergence seen as a reticulated continuum 115
6.3 Current state of knowledge on Ophrys systematics 121
6.4 Integrative genomics and taxonomy: perspectives and issues 125
6.5 Conclusion 129
6.6 Acknowledgments 130
6.7 References 130
Chapter 7 Exploration and Origins of Biodiversity in Madagascar: The Message of Ferns 135
Germinal ROUHAN and Myriam GAUDEUL
7.1 Introduction 135
7.2 Madagascar: a complex biogeographical context 136
7.3 Ferns and lycophytes: an ideal model for the biogeography of Madagascar 140
7.4 Origins of the lineages of ferns in Madagascar 140
7.5 The example of Rumohra: dispersions to Madagascar and around the world 142
7.6 Conclusion 144
7.7 References 144
Chapter 8 Mediterranean and Atlantic Algae, a Fraternal Relationship? 147
Line LE GALL, Delphine GEY and Florence ROUSSEAU
8.1 Introduction 148
8.2 Materials and methods 152
8.3 Results 159
8.4 Discussion 163
8.5 Acknowledgments 164
8.6 References 165
Chapter 9 Ontogeny and Evolution of the Hyperorgan of Delphinieae 171
Florian JABBOUR, Julie ZALKO, Antoine MOREL, Samuel FRACHON and Isabelle BOUCHART-DUFAY
9.1 Introduction 171
9.2 Synorganization: a concept, definitions 172
9.3 Ontogeny and evolution of the hyperorgan of Delphinieae 174
9.4 The study of synorganization in evolutionary biology 178
9.5 Conclusion 181
9.6 Acknowledgments 181
9.7 References 182
Chapter 10 Identification of Interspecific Chromosomal Homologies: Chromosomal Microdissection and Chromosomal Painting in Antarctic Teleosts Nototheniidae 185
Juliette AUVINET, Agnès DETTAÏ, Olivier CORITON, Catherine OZOUF-COSTAZ and Dominique HIGUET
10.1 Introduction 185
10.2 Materials and methods 191
10.3 Results 195
10.4 Discussion 199
10.5 Conclusion 204
10.6 References 205
List of Authors 215
Index 221
Informationen zu E-Books
„E-Book“ steht für digitales Buch. Um diese Art von Büchern lesen zu können wird entweder eine spezielle Software für Computer, Tablets und Smartphones oder ein E-Book Reader benötigt. Da viele verschiedene Formate (Dateien) für E-Books existieren, gilt es dabei, einiges zu beachten.
Von uns werden digitale Bücher in drei Formaten ausgeliefert. Die Formate sind EPUB mit DRM (Digital Rights Management), EPUB ohne DRM und PDF. Bei den Formaten PDF und EPUB ohne DRM müssen Sie lediglich prüfen, ob Ihr E-Book Reader kompatibel ist.
Wenn ein Format mit "Adobe DRM" genutzt wird, besteht zusätzlich die Notwendigkeit, dass Sie einen kostenlosen Adobe® Digital Editions Account besitzen. Wenn Sie ein E-Book, das Adobe® Digital Editions benötigt herunterladen, erhalten Sie eine ASCM-Datei, die zu Digital Editions hinzugefügt und mit Ihrem Account verknüpft werden muss.
Einige E-Book Reader (zum Beispiel PocketBook Touch) unterstützen auch das direkte Eingeben der Login-Daten des Adobe Accounts – somit können diese ASCM-Dateien direkt auf das betreffende Gerät kopiert werden.
Da E-Books nur für eine begrenzte Zeit – in der Regel 6 Monate – herunterladbar sind, sollten Sie stets eine Sicherheitskopie auf einem Dauerspeicher (Festplatte, USB-Stick oder CD) vorsehen. Auch ist die Menge der Downloads auf maximal 5 begrenzt.
Bitte beachten Sie, dass bei E-Books und anderen digitalen Download-Produkten kein Widerrufsrecht besteht. Daher bitten wir Sie, vor dem Kauf zu klären, ob Sie das E-Book auch öffnen können.
