Inhaltsangabe1 Some Morphological and Physicochemical Pecularities of Receptive Structures and the Accessory Apparatus of Mechanoreceptors.- 1.1 An External Characteristic of the Mechanoreceptor Field.- 1.1.1 Mechanoreceptors Formed by Afferent Nerve Fibers.- 1.1.2 Hair-ciliate Mechanoreceptors.- 1.2 Intracellular Organization of the Mechanoreceptor Region.- 1.2.1 The Mechanoreceptor Membrane.- 1.2.2 Mitochondria.- 1.2.3 Microtubules.- 1.2.4 Vesicles.- 1.3 A Characteristic of the Medium Surrounding Mechanoreceptors.- 1.4 A Brief Conclusion.- 2 A General Characteristic of Mechanoreceptor Activity.- 2.1 Receptor and Generator Potentials.- 2.2 Electrical Characteristics of the Receptor Potential.- 2.2.1 Muscle Spindles and the Pacinian Corpuscles.- 2.2.2 Crustacean Stretch Receptors.- 2.2.3 Hair Cells of the Acousticolateral System and Protozoan Mechanoreceptors.- 2.2.4 Arthropod Hair Mechanoreceptors.- 2.3 Electrical Responses of Nerve and Muscle Fibers to Mechanical Stimulation.- 2.4 Dependence of Receptor Potential Parameters upon Mechanical Stimulus Characteristics.- 2.4.1 Amplitude Reception.- 2.4.2 Stimulus Gradient Reception.- 2.4.3 Reception of Stimulus Sequence.- 2.4.4 Reception of Stimulus Duration and Adaptation of Mechanoreceptors.- 2.5 A Brief Conclusion.- 3 The Ionic Mechanisms of Receptor Potential Generation.- 3.1 The Role of Passive Ion Transport in Receptor Potential Generation.- 3.1.1 Sodium Ions.- 3.1.2 Potassium Ions.- 3.1.3 Calcium and Magnesium Ions.- 3.1.4 Chloride Ions.- 3.2 The Role of Active Ion Transport in Receptor Potential Generation.- 3.3 A Brief Conclusion.- 4 The First-order Code. Ionic Mechanisms of Signal Transformation in the Electrically Excitable Membrane of the Myelinated Fiber.- 4.1 The Main Postulates of the Membrane Ionic Theory. The Mathematical Hodgkin-Huxley Model.- 4.1.1 The Adaptational Behavior of the Ranvier Node Membrane Associated with a Constant Current Step.- 4.1.2 The Potassium Membrane Mechanism of Adaptation. The Role of Slow Channels.- 4.1.3 The Sodium Membrane Adaptational Mechanism. The Second-order Kinetics of Sodium Channel Conductance Inactivation.- 4.2 The Ionic Mechanisms of Numeric and Frequency Coding.- 4.2.1 The Potassium Mechanism of Numerical Coding. The Role of Makovsky Channels in Forming a Numerical Code.- 4.2.2 The Sodium Mechanism of Numeric Coding.- 4.2.3 The Ionic Mechanisms of Frequency Coding.- 4.3 Ionic Mechanisms of Nerve Impulse Generation in Sensory and Motor Fibers.- 4.4 A Brief Conclusion.- 5 The Effect of Biologically Active Substances upon Mechanoreceptors.- 5.1 The Effects of Catecholamines and the Sympathetic Nervous System on the Activity of Mechanoreceptors.- 5.1.1 The Influence of Catecholamines and the Sympathetic Nervous System on Muscle Spindle Activity.- 5.1.2 Morphological Data on the Sympathetic Innervation of the Muscle Spindles.- 5.1.3 The Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System and Catecholamines upon the Activity of Cutaneous and Visceral Mechanoreceptors.- 5.1.4 Morphological Aspects of Sympathetic Innervation of Cutaneous and Visceral Mechanoreceptors.- 5.1.5 Mechanisms of Influence of the Sympathetic Nervous System and Catecholamines upon Mechanoreceptors.- 5.2 The Effect of Acetylcholine and Cholinolytics on Mechanoreceptors.- 5.2.1 The Effect of Acetylcholine on Muscle Spindles.- 5.2.2 The Effect of Acetylcholine on Cutaneous Receptors.- 5.2.3 Acetylcholine Effect on Visceral Receptors.- 5.2.4 The Effect of Cholinergic Antagonists.- 5.2.5 Histochemical Demonstration of Cholinesterase in Mechanoreceptors.- 5.2.6 The Mechanism of Acetylcholine Effect upon Mechanoreceptors.- 5.2.7 Does Acetylcholine Participate in the Primary Processes in Mechanoreceptors?.- 5.3 A Brief Conclusion.- 6 Summary.- References.

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