Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols is intended to provide insightful reviews of key current topics and, particularly, state-- the-art methods for examining drug actions in their various neuroanato- cal, neurochemical, neurophysiological, neuropharmacological, and molecular perspectives. The book should prove particularly useful to n- comers (graduate students and technicians) in this field, as well as to those established scientists (neuroscientists, biochemists, and molecular biologists) intending to pursue new careers or directions in the study of drugs. The book's protocols cover a wide variety of coherent methods for gathering inf- mation on quantitative changes in proteins and mRNAs at both tissue and cel- lar levels. Inducible gene expression in striatal neurons has been a hot topic over the last decade. Alterations in gene expression for a wide range of proteins in the striatum have been investigated in response to drug administration. Altered expression of given mRNAs and their product proteins constitutes essential molecular steps in the development of neuroplasticity related to long-term addictive properties of drugs of abuse. With the multiple labeling methods that are also described in the book, gene expression can be detected in a chemically identified cell phenotype; the expression of multiple genes of interest can be detected in a single cell simultaneously. Hundreds or thousands of gene expr- sion products can today be detected in one experimental setup using the pow- ful systematic cDNA macroarray or microarray screening technology. Moreover, protocols useful in analyzing the functional roles of genes and proteins (e. g.

Part I. Special Reviews The Temporal Sequence of Changes in Gene Expression by Drugs of Abuse Peter W. Kalivas, Shigenobu Toda, M. Scott Bowers, David A. Baker, and M. Behnam Ghasemzadeh Effects of Psychomotor Stimulants on Glutamate Receptor Expression Marina E. Wolf Adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Forebrain: Implications for Psychostimulant Dependence and Medication John Q. Wang, Limin Mao, and Yuen-Sum Lau Neuroprotective Effect of Naloxone in Inflammation-Mediated Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Dissociation from the Involvement of Opioid Receptors Bin Liu and Jau-Shyong Hong Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicity of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Gary A. Gudelsky and Bryan K. Yamamoto Learning and Memory Mechanisms Involved in Compulsive Drug Use and Relapse Joshua D. Berke From Drugs of Abuse to Parkinsonism: The MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease Yuen-Sum Lau and Gloria E. Meredith Part II. Detection of mRNA Expression in the Striatum In Situ Hybridization with Isotopic Riboprobes for Detection of Striatal Neuropeptide mRNA Expression After Dopamine Stimulant Administration Yasmin L. Hurd Combining In Situ Hybridization with Retrograde Tracing and Immunohistochemistry for Phenotypic Characterization of Individual Neurons Catherine Le Moine Analysis of mRNA Expression Using Double In Situ Hybridization Labeling with Isotopic and Nonisotopic Probes John Q. Wang Quantification of mRNA in Neuronal Tissue by Northern Analysis Christine L. Konradi Analysis of Gene Expression in Striatal Tissue by Multiprobe RNase Protection Assay Neil M. Richtand Analysis of mRNA Expression in Striatal Tissue by Differential Display Polymerase Chain Reaction Joshua D. Berke Semiquantitative Real-Time PCR for Analysis of mRNA Levels Stephen J. Walker, Travis J. Worst, and Kent E. Vrana Application of TaqMan RT-PCR for Real-Time Semiquantitative Analysis of Gene Expression in the Striatum Andrew D. Medhurst and Menelas N. Pangalos Systematic Screening of Gene Expression Using a cDNA Macroarray Travis J. Worst, Willard M. Freeman, Stephen J. Walker, and Kent E. Vrana Part III. Detection of Protein Expression in the Striatum Quantification of Protein in Brain Tissue by Western Immunoblot Analysis Christine L. Konradi Immunohistochemical and Immunocytochemical Detection of Phosphoproteins in Striatal Neurons Limin Mao and John Q. Wang Analysis of Protein Expression in Brain Tissue by ELISA Steffany A. L. Bennett and David C. S. Roberts Dopamine Receptor Binding and Quantitative Autoradiographic Study Beth Levant Analysis of DNA-Binding Activity in Neuronal Tissue with the Electrophoretic Mobility-Shift Assay Christine L. Konradi Part IV. Gene Function Analysis Viral-Mediated Gene Transfer to Study the Behavioral Correlates of CREB Function in the Nucleus Accumbens of Rats William A. Carlezon, Jr. and Rachael L. Neve Generating Gene Knockout Mice for Studying Mechanisms Underlying Drug Addiction Jianhua Zhang and Ming Xu Antisense Approaches in Analyzing the Functional Role of Proteins in the Central Nervous System John Q. Wang and Limin Mao Part V. Striatal Culture Preparation Primary Striatal Neuronal Culture Limin Mao and John Q. Wang Primary Rat Mesencephalic Neuron-Glia, Neuron-Enriched, Microglia-Enriched, and Astroglia-Enriched Cultures Bin Liu and Jau-Shyong Hong Primary Cultu ...